Category «KM»

LLRX October 2024 Issue

Artificial Intelligence and Unconscious Bias Risk – Elizabeth Sweetland reviews: Meredith Broussard, More than a Glitch: Confronting Race, Gender, and Ability Bias in Tech (MIT Press 2023). 248 Pages.
Trump’s Election Lawyers Must Heed Their Ethical Duties – Attorneys Stephen Marcus and Bruce Kuhlik discuss the ethical responsibilities of lawyers in the context of predicted attempts by Donald Trump and his allies to undermine the 2024 U.S. presidential election. The authors argue that lawyers considering advocating unsubstantiated claims of election fraud should learn from the disciplinary actions taken against Trump’s 2020 election lawyers, adhere to their ethical duties, and follow the example of those who refused to violate their obligations to their profession and the Constitution after the 2020 election despite significant pressure to do so.
AI in Finance and Banking, October 31, 2024 – This semi-monthly column by Sabrina I. Pacifici highlights news, government reports, NGO/IGO papers, industry white papers, academic papers and speeches on the subject of AI’s fast paced impact on the banking and finance sectors. The chronological links provided are to the primary sources, and as available, indicate links to alternate free versions. Five highlights from this post: SEC to intensify scrutiny of AI tools; The Bank of England is establishing an Artificial Intelligence Consortium; Swift to Launch AI Fraud Detection for Global Banking in 2025; Economics of Artificial Intelligence Keynote; and Artificial Intelligence, the Economy and Central Banking.
How Meta Brings in Millions Off Political Violence – CalMatters and The Markup used Facebook’s AI model to count the millions of dollars it makes after violent news events By Colin Lecher and Tomas Apodaca.
Threatening ‘the enemy within’ with force: Military ethicists explain the danger to important American traditions – Marcus Hedahl, Professor of Philosophy, United States Naval Academy and Bradley Jay Strawser, Professor of Philosophy, Naval Postgraduate School worry that Trump’s actions while president, and his comments about his plans for a potential second term, may put the military in a tough position. The July 1, 2024, Supreme Court ruling giving the president immunity for official acts – potentially including as commander in chief of the military – would make that tough position even more difficult.
How foreign operations are manipulating social media to influence your views – Filippo Menczer and his colleagues study influence campaigns and design technical solutions – algorithms – to detect and counter them. State-of-the-art methods developed in our center use several indicators of this type of online activity, which researchers call inauthentic coordinated behavior. They identify clusters of social media accounts that post in a synchronized fashion, amplify the same groups of users, share identical sets of links, images or hashtags, or perform suspiciously similar sequences of actions.
How your online world could change if big tech companies like Google are forced to break up – The Department of Justice may be on the verge of seeking a break-up of Google in a bid to make it less dominant. Renaud Foucart explains that if the government goes ahead and is successful in the courts, it could mean the company being split into separate entities – a search engine, an advertising company, a video website, a mapping app – which would not be allowed to share data with each other.
AI in Banking and Finance, October 15, 2024 – This semi-monthly column by Sabrina I. Pacifici highlights news, government reports, NGO/IGO papers, industry white papers, academic papers and speeches on the subject of AI’s fast paced impact on the banking and finance sectors. The chronological links provided are to the primary sources, and as available, indicate links to alternate free versions. Six highlights from this post: FSB Roundtable on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Finance; Mastercard Blockchain Patent Could Make Financial Audits Easier; Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Management Accountants (MA) – Future of AIMA Model; Financial Machine Learning; The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) is soliciting academic research papers on the use of artificial intelligence in banking and finance; and upcoming seminar – How technology is reshaping the future of money and finance.
Pete Recommends – Weekly highlights on cyber security issues, October 26, 2024 – Four highlights from this week: Three US industry groups sue FTC to block ‘Click to Cancel’ rule; National Security Agency Mobile Device Best Practices; EU slaps LinkedIn with $334 million fine for targeted advertising; and CFPB Orders Apple and Goldman Sachs to Pay Over $89 Million for Apple Card Failures.
Pete Recommends – Weekly highlights on cyber security issues, October 19, 2024 – Four highlights from this week: US Government Recovered $4 Billion Worth of Fraud With AI; Deepfakes Can Fool Facial Recognition on Crypto Exchanges; FTC announces rule to make it easier to cancel subscriptions; There’s Never Been a Better Time to Delete Your 23andMe Data. Here’s How to Do It; and For Customs and Border Protection, AI has been a ‘game-changer’
Pete Recommends – Weekly highlights on cyber security issues, October 12, 2024 – Four highlights from this week: Why Multi-factor authentication (MFA) alone won’t protect you in the age of adversarial AI; HHS to crack down on providers blocking access to electronic medical records; Justice Department, Microsoft disrupt Russian intelligence cyber scheme; and Reports: China hacked Verizon and AT&T, may have accessed US wiretap systems.
Pete Recommends – Weekly highlights on cyber security issues, October 5, 2024 – Four highlights from this week: Why Microsoft’s Security Initiative and Apple’s Cloud Privacy Matter; AI assistants are blabbing our embarrassing work secrets; PayPal’s data sharing controversy: New setting raises privacy concerns; and Are Lesser-Known Browsers More Secure?

LLRX.com® – the free web journal on law, technology, knowledge discovery and research for Librarians, Lawyers, Researchers, Academics, and Journalists. Founded in 1996.

Subjects: KM

Articles and Columns for September 2024 When Should Presenters Apologize? – Referencing decades of experience as a presenter and an attendee at presentations, Jerry Lawson cautions us not to begin a presentation with an apology, which can be compelled by a tech glitch or some other reason not within our control. Lawson states that the habit …

Subjects: KM

The ‘publish or perish’ mentality is fuelling research paper retractions – and undermining science

The “publish or perish” paradigm is increasingly antithetical to the process of scientists making important discoveries, both big and small, and then typically publishing their findings in scientific journals for others to read. This sharing of knowledge helps to advance science: it can, in turn, lead to more important discoveries. But published research papers can be retracted if there is an issue with their accuracy or integrity. And, according to research shared by Nham Tran, in recent years, the number of retractions has been rising sharply. For example, in 2023 more than 10,000 research papers were retracted globally. This marked a new record, and in combination with AI’s impact on scientific publishing, has created a volatile environment in which scholarly literature is increasingly challenged for data accuracy.

Subjects: Education, KM

LLRX August 2024 Issue

Articles and Columns for August 2024 Artificial Intelligence and the Law – David Colarusso founded and co-directs the Suffolk University Law School’s Legal Innovation & Technology (LIT) Lab. By training he is an attorney and science educator. By experience, he’s a data scientist, craftsman, and writer. LLRX is pleased to share what Colarusso states is …

Subjects: KM

The Best of America – Captured in Print for the First Time

Oregon Loves New York: A Story of American Unity After 9/11 documents an important event in American history that is little known: the Flight for Freedom, an achievement unequaled by any other community in the United States. Written by Sally Ruth Bourrie with a new edition in 2023, Oregon Loves New York is available online at independent bookstores and major retailers.

Subjects: Education, KM

ChatGPT is bullshit

Recently, there has been considerable interest in large language models: machine learning systems which produce human-like text and dialogue. Applications of these systems have been plagued by persistent inaccuracies in their output; these are often called “AI hallucinations”. Dr. Michael Townsen Hicks, Dr. James Humphries and Dr. Joe Slater argue that these falsehoods, and the overall activity of large language models, is better understood as bullshit in the sense explored by Frankfurt (On Bullshit, Princeton, 2005): the models are in an important way indifferent to the truth of their outputs. They distinguish two ways in which the models can be said to be bullshitters, and argue that they clearly meet at least one of these definitions. They further argue that describing AI misrepresentations as bullshit is both a more useful and more accurate way of predicting and discussing the behaviour of these systems.

Subjects: AI, Big Data, Information Management, Internet Resources, KM, Legal Research, Search Engines, Technology Trends

LLRX July 2024 Issue

Articles and Columns for July 2024 Unlocking History: How a Small Group of Researchers Dominates the Declassification Appeals Process – Attorney and FOIA expert Michael Ravnitzky shines a spotlight on people, process and procedural challenges with his illuminating article. A small core group of researchers and historians have filed most of the declassification appeals being …

Subjects: KM

When scientific citations go rogue: Uncovering ‘sneaked references’

Reading and writing articles published in academic journals and presented at conferences is a central part of being a researcher. When researchers write a scholarly article, they must cite the work of peers to provide context, detail sources of inspiration and explain differences in approaches and results. A positive citation by other researchers is a key measure of visibility for a researcher’s own work. But what happens when this citation system is manipulated? A recent Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology article by Lonni Besançon and Guillaume Cabanac and their team of academic sleuths – which includes information scientists, a computer scientist and a mathematician – has revealed an insidious method to artificially inflate citation counts through metadata manipulations: sneaked references.

Subjects: Information Mapping, KM, Legal Research, Librarian Resources, Libraries & Librarians

LLRX June 2024 Issue

Articles and Columns for June 2024 Protecting the Vulnerable: Navigating Online Risks for Minors – Veronica Garrick’s paper is an insightful, factual and timely discussion of how in today’s digital age, minors are exposed to technology at a young age, presenting both great opportunities and risks. Online risks include data privacy breaches, access to inappropriate, …

Subjects: KM

PowerPoint has Its Problems. It’s Worthy Anyway.

Jerry Lawson discusses how antipathy toward slide shows is understandable but misdirected. A slide show is a tool, an instrument like a hammer, airbrush or violin. Lawson advocates the position that good slide shows can help presenters better educate, persuade, and even inspire.

Subjects: Communication Skills, KM, Presentation Skills

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